Dr. Paul Targonski is the chief medical officer at the Virginia Department of Corrections, where he has worked for 4 years and is assisting in the redesign of health care delivery across the state. Relatively new to correctional medicine, Dr. Targonski is also on faculty at the University of Virginia. He received his master's degree in public health and epidemiology, PhD in epidemiology, and his MD, at the University of Illinois, Chicago. In addition to work at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health, Dr. Targonski completed post-doctoral training at the University of Oxford, England. He undertook his internship and residency in internal medicine at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. His clinical interests center around health care quality, delivery, and outcomes in correctional settings, health disparities, and care of vulnerable populations. Dr. Targonski has obtained grants from the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Center for Innovation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and many philanthropic organizations and academic societies in support of this work. At the Mayo Clinic, Dr. Targonski served as the medical director of the Mayo Clinic Health System Practice Based Research Network; medical director of community affairs, Mayo Clinic Rochester; and as a primary care clinician in the Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine. In Virginia, Dr. Targonski co-chaired the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials Measurement Work Group for Integrating Public Health and Primary Care, and served on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Practice-Based Research steering committee. He has chaired and served on numerous study sections and special emphasis panels for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Canadian Institutes of Health.